Water Spray System

Water spray system is one of fireprotection method to protect are from loss of fire building or area. This system shall be fed from service/fire water main pipe which is common use of both service water purpose and fire protection piping network. The water supply valve shall operate either by remote operation and manual operation.

Water spray system can be automatically initiated and which system can be manually initiated. Where water spray system is installed to protect areas with hot surfaces e.g. steam turbines, steam boiler burner, etc. The spray shall be manually initiated remotely but within visual contact of the protected area. Where automatic initiation of the water spray system is to be employed the designer power plant should define the fire detection mechanism.

1. Automatic Water Spray Deluge System

The automatic water spray deluge system shall be provided and designed with reference to the latest edition of related NFPA Standard such as NFPA 13, NFPA 15, and NFPA 850. This system shall automatically detect, control, and extinguish any out-breaks of fire and simultaneously gives audible alarm. The deluge valve shall also have the facility to be actuated by operating the manual emergency release.

2. Manual Water Spray Deluge System

The manual water spray deluge system shall be provided and designed with reference to the latest edition of related NFPA standard such as NFPA 13, NFPA 15, and NFPA 850.

3. Cooling Water Spray System

Cooling water spray system shall be provided to protect the perimeter surfaces of the fuel oil tanks. This system shall be provided and designed with reference to the latest edition of related NFPA Standard such as NFPA 30 and NFPA 15.

Water spray system contains spray pumps (driven pump and diesel engine), pressurization plans, water mains system, spray nozzles/projectors, Y-type strainers, isolation valves, deluge valves, detection and control procedure, piping system, etc. The water spray system is kept pressurized constantly to standard operating pressure up to the deluge valves.

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Fire Hydrant System

Fire hydrant system is one of fire protection system in power plant. An underground fire hydrant ring main facility shall be provided. Strategically placed indoor hydrant system, outdoor hydrant system and water hose station connections shall be provided on the system to suit the site / plant / building configuration. The tire hydrant protection system would be arranged to draw water from raw water storage tanks, the hydrant pumps shall comprise of electric motor driven pump and diesel engine driven water pump.

The hydrant pumps shall be sized to accommodate the use of the main in two separate site areas during an emergency and shall be operationally continuously rated. A re-circulation line for pump test shall be installed in each pump.

A jockey pump and motor unit shall be provided to maintain the pressure in the fire main. An air filled pressure sustaining vessel shall be provided to reduce the operating cycle of the jockey pump. Each of the fire hoses shall be provided with instantaneous coupling with male and female coupling at opposite ends and shall be compatible with common standard fire appliance connections.

The fire protection zones shall be numbered generally in accordance with the format described in Exhibit. External Pressurized Hydrant System (Yard Hydrant) shall be provided and designed with reference to the latest edition of NFPA 14, NFPA 24 and NFPA 850. The water supply of the system is tapped from the fire main ring. The water canon hydrant shall be provided in the fuel oil tank area. The Guard Rail shall be provided for Hydrant near the road.

Indoor Hydrant shall be provided and designed with reference to the latest edition of NFPA 14. The water supply of the system is tapped from the nearest external fire main ring.

Some hydrant ring mains should be given and overall power plant region should be surely split amidst these ring mains which should be interconnected by using isolation valves. It should be doable to allow undertaking component of any of the ring mains intended for repair with no any damage of process in the balance aspect.

The following area should be equipped with fire hydrant system:

• Steam boiler
• Turbine building
• Coal handling plant
• ESP (Electro Static Precipitator)
• Transfer point, etc. 

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Fire Protection System in Power Plant

The fire protection system in power plant is furnished to shield the power plant towards fire deterioration to prevent damage of life and building. Fire protection system is presented to identify fire in its incipient phase and also to actuate the system to extinguish fire. Fire protection system should supply alarm system which shows caution in the event of fire to induce fire battling staff and also some other operation personnel to get essential action. In combination with permanent automatic program, portable and mobile devices are also offered for fire extinguishing.

The designer power plant should provide a complete fire protection system that furnished with all required building, equipment and accessories to form a complete fire protection system as define by related NFPA codes, standard and recommended practices codes, as listed below:

1. Recommended practice for tire protection for electric generating plants and high voltage direct current converter stations shall be per NFPA 850.
2. Yard mains and outdoor fire hydrant shall be in accordance with NFPA 24 and 26.
3. Stand pipes and hose systems shall be pre NFPA 14, 1961 and 1962.
4. Automatic fire detectors, Fire Alarms and tire protection actuation system, shall be per NFPA 72A-E.
5. Portable fire extinguisher and dry chemical extinguishing system shall be per NFPA 10 and 17.
6. Automatic and manual sprinkler systems shall be per NFPA 13, 231 and 231C.
7. Dry chemical systems shall be per NFPA 17.
8. Carbon dioxide systems shall be per NFPA 12.
9. Clean Agent Extinguishing System shall be per NFPA 2001.
10. Water spray fixed systems shall be per NFPA 15.
11. Fire water valves shall be per NFPA 13, 14, 15, 20, 24 and 26.
12. Fire pumps shall be per NFPA 13, NFPA 20, UL and FM.
13. Water supply shall be per NFPA 13, 15, 20 and 22.
14. The deluge fire protection system shall be per NFPA 13 & NFPA 15.
15. The water and foam monitors shall be provided per NFPA 11.
16. Protection clothing and helmets shall be provided per NFPA 1971 and 1972.
17. Breathing apparatus shall be provided per NFPA 1981.
18. Standard for wet chemical extinguishing system shall be per NFPA 17A.
19. Flammable and combustible liquids code shall be per NFPA 30.
20. Recommended practice for tire flow testing and marking of hydrants shall be per NFPA 291.

The fire protection system design shall be adequate for the site condition, to provide a high degree of protection to the plant, equipment, buildings and employees.

The fire protection system in power plant shall also provide complete set of portable tire extinguishers and wheel cargo extinguishers, protective clothing and helmets, tools, breathing apparatus, etc. in the appropriated buildings / area.

The methods of fire protection systems in power plant as follow:

1. Hydrant system
2. Water spray system
3. Foam system
4. Inert gas system
5. Potable and mobile fire extinguishers

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